Чтение онлайн

45 Abu Bakr al Haj Ali, «Abu Maria: The Nusra Leader Behind the Split with IS in Syria?» Middle East Eye, November 14, 2014, www.middleeasteye.net/in-depth/features/changes-jabhat-al-nusra-indicate-changes-entire-battlefield-1875666927.

46 Nibras Kazimi, «The Caliphate Attempted» Hudson Institute, July 1, 2008, www.hudson.org/research/9854-the-caliphate-attempted-zarqawi-s-ideological-heirs-their-choice-for-a-caliph-and-the-collapse-of-their-self-styled-islamic-state-of-iraq.

47 «Syria: Countrywide Conflict Report #4» The Carter Center, September 11, 2014, www.cartercenter.org/resources/pdfs/peace/con-flict_resolution/syria-conflict/NationwideUpdate-Sept-18-2014. pdf.

48 Kyle Orton, «The Assad Regime’s Collusion with ISIS and al-Qaeda: Assessing the Evidence» The Syrian Intifada blog, March 24, 2014, kyleortonl991.wordpress.com/2014/03/24/assess-ing-the-evidence-of-collusion-between-the-assad-regime-and-the-wahhabi-j ihadists-part-1.

49 Michael Weiss, «Trust Iran Only as Far as You Can Throw It» Foreign Policy, June 23,2014, foreignpolicy.com/2014/06/23/trust-iran-only-as-far-as-you-can-throw-it.

50 Там же.

51 Ruth Sherlock. «Syria’s Assad Accused of Boosting al-Qaeda with Secret Oil Deals» The Telegraph, January 20, 2014, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/ 10585391/Syrias-Assad-accused-of-boosting-al-Qaeda-with-secret-oil-deals.html.

52 Frederic C. Hof, «Syria: Should the West Work with Assad?» Atlantic Council, July 10,2014, www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/mena-source/syria-should-the-west-work-with-assad.

1 William D. Wunderle, A Manual for American Servicemen in the Arab Middle East: Using Cultural Understanding to Defeat Adversaries and Win the Peace (New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2013).

2 Carole A. O’Leary and Nicholas A. Heras, «Syrian Tribal Networks and their Implications for the Syrian Uprising» The Jamestown Foundation, June 1, 2012, www.jamestown.org/single/7no_ cache = 1 &tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=39452.

3 YouTube video, 7:28, posted by Shaam Network S.N. N., April 1, 2011, www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y4wwlxUrHMs.

4 Nasser Al-Ayed, «Jihadists and Syrian Tribes» Global Arab Network, November 6, 2014, www.globalarabnetwork.com/stud-ies/13181-2014-11-06-11-53-28.

5 Peter Neumann, «Suspects into Collaborators» London Review of Books, Vol. 36, No. 7, Apil 3,2014, www.lrb.co.uk/v36/n07/peter-neumann/suspects-into-collaborators.

6 Karen Leigh, «In Deir Ezzor, ISIS Divides and Conquers Rebel Groups» Syria Deeply, August 11, 2014, www.syriadeeply. org/articles/2014/08/5930/deir-ezzor-isis-divides-conquers-rebel-groups.

7 Интервью с Ваелем Иссамом, ноябрь 2014 г.

1 Martin Chulov, «Isis Fighters Surround Syrian Airbase in Rapid Drive to Recapture Lost Territory» The Guardian, August 22,

2014, www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/22/isis-syria-airbase-tabqa.

2 «ISIS Take over Syria Army Base, Behead Soldiers: Activists» The Daily Star Lebanon, July 26, 2014, www.dailystar.com. lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jul-26/265226-85-syria-troops-killed-in-jihadist-advance-activists.ashx.

3 YouTube video, 7:29, posted by Syria.truth, September 15,2014, www.youtube.com/watch? v=zsA7FQywurU#t= 11.

4 Anne Barnard, «Blamed for Rise of ISIS, Syrian Leader is Pushed to Escalate Fight» International New York Times, August 22,2014, www.nytimes.com/2014/08/23/world/middleeast/assad-sup-porters-weigh-benefits-of-us-strikes-in-syria.html.

5 Price et al., 2014.

6 Ghaith Abdul-Ahad, «’Syria is Not a Revolution Any more — This is Civil War,’» The Guardian, November 18, 2013, www.theguardian. com/world/2013/nov/18/syria-revolution-civil-war-conflict-rivalry.

7 Orwa Moqdad, «A Rebel Killed by Rebels» NOW Lebanon, December 19, 2013, now.mmedia.me/lb/en/reportsfea-tures/526509-the-enemy-of-the-enemy.

8 Hassan Abu Haniya, «Structural Construction of the ‘Islamic State» Al Jazeera Center for Studies, November 23, 2014, studies.alja-zeera.net/files/isil/2014/ll/2014112363816513973.htm.

9 Scott Bronstein and Drew Griffin, «Self-Funded and Deep-Rooted: How ISIS Makes Its Millions» CNN, October 7,2014, edition.enn. com/2014/10/06/world/meast/isis-funding.

10 «German Spies Say Isis Oil Isn’t Money Gusher» The Local, November 7, 2014, www.thelocal.de/20141107/spies-say-isis-oil-isnt-money-gusher.

11 «Zakat FAQs» Islamic Relief UK, accessed January 18, 2015, www.islamic-relief.org.uk/about-us/what-we-do/zakat/zakat-faqs/#trade.

12 The Islamic State blog, the-islamic-state.blogspot.ae/2014/02/blog-post_26.html.

13 US House Financial Services Committee, 2014.

14 Bronstein & Griffin, 2014.

15 «Dispatch from the Field: Islamic State Weapons in Iraq and Syria» Conflict Armament Research Ltd, September 2014, con-flictarm.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Dispatch_IS_Iraq_ Syria_Weapons.pdf.

1 Jay Solomon, «Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi Pledges to Unify Iraq in Fight Against Islamic State» Wall Street Journal, September

25.2014, www.wsj.com/articles/prime-minister-haider-al-abadi-pledges-to-unify-iraq-in-fight-against-islamic-state-1411688702.

2 Phillip Smyth, «All the Ayatollah’s Men» Foreign Policy, September

18.2014, foreignpolicy.com/2014/09/18/all-the-ayatollahs-men.

3 «Iraq Forces Executed 255 Prisoners in Revenge for Islamic State Killings — HRW» Reuters, July 12,2014, news.yahoo.com/iraq-forces-executed-255-prisoners-revenge-islamic-state-133400715.html.

4 «Iraq: Survivors Describe Mosque Massacre» Human Rights Watch, November 2, 2014, www.hrw.org/news/2014/ll/01/iraq-sur-vivors-describe-mosque-massacre.

5 Susannah George, «Breaking Badr» Foreign Policy, November 6, 2014, foreignpolicy.com/2014/ll/06/breaking-badr.

6 Там же.

7 «US Military Conducts Air Strikes Against ISIL, Airdrops Humanitarian Aid Near Amirli» United States Central Command, August 30.2014, www.centcom.mil/en/news/articles/us-military-conducts-airstrikes-against-isil-airdrops-humanitarian-aid-iraq.